Determinants of completion of routine immunization among children in rural areas of Jigawa State Nigeria
1 Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Yobe State University Damaturu, Nigeria.
2 Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria.
3 Department of Community Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences Teaching Hospital Azare, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Research Article
Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews, 2025, 13(02), 037-046
Article DOI: 10.30574/msarr.2025.13.2.0033
Publication history:
Received on 26 December 2024; revised on 04 February 2025; accepted on 07 February 2025
Abstract:
Background: Globally, the incidence of vaccine-preventable diseases has been declining as a result of increased uptake and utilization of vaccines; but, there are still many children with delayed or incomplete immunization status in many developing countries. This study assessed the determinants of completion of routine immunization among under five children in rural areas of Jigawa State Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. Data was collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 16 statistical software. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 180 mothers of children within the age of 12 to 23 months. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 statistical software. Bivariate analyses were done to identify independent factors for complete immunization status.
Results: The immunization coverage was 16.7% and the drop-out rate was 51.6%. The determinants of completion of routine immunization were mothers/caregiver attendance of antenatal care during the last pregnancy (X2=22.488, p<0.05), presence of health facility in the settlement (X2=6.956, p<0.05), place of delivery (health facility vs home) (X2=19.361, p<0.05), occupational status of trading (X2=25.92, p<0.05) and higher household income (X2=21.37, p<0.05).
Conclusion: Creating awareness and raising the level of maternal education, provision of health facilities in underserved communities and access to adequate health care during pregnancy were recommended in order to increase immunization coverage at the community level.
Keywords:
Immunization coverage; Immunization status; maternal education; Socio economic factors
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