Amniotic fluid embolism: A rare and destructive obstetric complication
1 Department of Health Sciences, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Trikala, Trikala, Greece.
Review Article
Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews, 2022, 05(02), 065–073
Article DOI: 10.30574/msarr.2022.5.2.0057
Publication history:
Received on 05 July 2022; revised on 15 August 2022; accepted on 17 August 2022
Abstract:
Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare, unpredictable and often catastrophic obstetric complication that usually occurs during labor or caesarean section. The pathogenetic mechanism has not been fully elucidated to date. Amniotic fluid embolism is believed to happen due to an anaphylactic reaction to embryonic antigens that enter the mother's circulation and trigger a variety of immune processes that produce an anaphylactic-like response. The diagnosis remains clinical. The disease manifests abruptly with cardiovascular shock, encephalopathy, fetal discomfort and disseminated intravascular coagulation. There is no special treatment. The treatment is supportive and focuses on rapid stabilization of the cardiopulmonary system, adequate oxygenation of the vital organs and correction of coagulation, ensuring the best possible perinatal outcome. In this article, based on current data, a literature review of this rare obstetric complication is attempted, particularly with regard to diagnosis and the basic treatment principles, the timely and correct application of which can provide the best possible outcome for the mother and the newborn.
Keywords:
Amniotic fluid embolism; Diagnosis; Management; Prognosis
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Copyright © 2022 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0