Evaluation of hematological, electrolyte and lipid profiles of potash samples obtained from Anambra State, Nigeria: A comparative sub-acute study on the effects of low-dose trona and natron on Wistar rats.
1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe, University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria.
2 Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe, University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria.
3 Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Biology, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, One Neumann Drive, Neumann University, Aston, PA, 19014. USA.
Research Article
Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy, 2024, 13(02), 027–034
Article DOI: 10.30574/msabp.2024.13.2.0068
Publication history:
Received on 07 October 2024; revised on 19 November 2024; accepted on 22 November 2024
Abstract:
Trona and natron are natural-occurring salts geologically referred to as evaporites and commonly known as potash. Both types of potash are most common among Nigerian users, especially as food softeners/additives and medicinal remedies. The sub-acute toxicological effects of the two primary varieties consumed in Anambra State, Nigeria, on hematological, electrolyte, kidney function, and lipid profiles at low doses remain unexplored. A 28-day sub-acute study used 120-140 g Wistar rats. Three groups of six (n=6) rats were assembled. Group A (control) received feed and water, group B received 500 mg/kg of reddish potash (natron) while group C received 500 mg/kg of greyish potash (trona). Standard methods were used in analyzing parameters. Data was analyzed with SPSS, version 27. Results were shown as mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare mean values. Hematological results in groups A and B reveal a significant (p<0.05) decrease in red blood cells and platelets and an increase in white blood cells (p<0.05) compared to the control. The electrolytes results recorded significant increase(p<0.05) in Na+ in group B while group C recorded a significant increase in K+ and CL- when compared to the control. Group B had a significantly higher creatinine and urea than group C and the control. The study revealed a significant increase (p<0.05) in total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein in group B, but not in triglycerides or low density lipoprotein. The study concludes that on chronic consumption, low dosages (10 % of LD50) of natron or trona can alter hematological parameters, electrolyte balance, renal function (particularly in natron), and lipid profile.
Keywords:
Trona; Natron; Electrolytes; Lipid profile; Kidney; Blood
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