Anti-diarrheal effects of ethanol leaf extract of Eleusine Indica in Castor Oil induced diarrhea using mice model
1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe, University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, 420110 Anambra State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka, Nigeria.
3 Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, 420110 Anambra State, Nigeria.
4 Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe, University, P.M.B. 5025 Awka, 420110 Anambra State, Nigeria.
5 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
6 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Neumann University, One Neumann Drive, Aston, PA, 19014. USA.
Research Article
Magna Scientia Advanced Biology and Pharmacy, 2024, 12(02), 011–022
Article DOI: 10.30574/msabp.2024.12.2.0031
Publication history:
Received on 15 May 2024; revised on 29 June 2024; accepted on 02 July 2024
Abstract:
Ancient civilizations employed medicinal herbs to treat ailments. Medicinal herbs are essential for treating chronic disorders. Different medicinal plants can treat comparable ailments, depending on the country. In many rural communities in developing countries, particularly in Africa, therapeutic medicines and remedies derived from indigenous plants are almost invariably the only readily available and cost-effective alternatives to traditional diarrhea medicines. The study aims to evaluate the anti-diarrheal activity of the Eleusine indica ethanol extract in mice. The study used fresh Eleusine indica leaves. The extracts were administered at concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for 28 days. On the 29th, the rats were induced with diarrhea, and blood samples were collected through the retro-orbital plexus before being sacrificed. The serum from the collected blood was used to run hematological and electrolyte tests. The liver and kidney function tests were analyzed using standard methods. The determination of antidiarrheal activity was done using the following models: Castor oil (CO) induced diarrhea, CO induced enteropooling activity, and CO induced gastrointestinal motility. The 80% ethanol extract produced significant (p<0.001) antidiarrheal activity in all three models tested. The hematological, renal, hepatic, and electrolyte parameters of extract-treated mice were not significantly (p > 0.05) different from those of the control group. There was no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in the chloride, sodium, potassium, calcium, and bicarbonate levels of the extract-treated groups when compared to the control group. The findings of the studies demonstrated the antidiarrheal activities of Eleusine indica leaves, which could be a therapeutic option against diarrhea.
Keywords:
Eleusine indica; Diarrhea; Ethanol; Extract; Leaves
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